INTRODUCTION:

"Cancer is an ugly disease, but the beauty of life after cancer is worth fighting for."

There are about 200 different types of cancer, it is term used to describe a large group of diseases that are characterized by a cellular malfunction.

Every year 10 million people are diagnosed and more than 6 million die, 22.4 million people were living with cancer in 2000. Psychological and psychosocial problems are common in patients throughout the cancer journey. A patient's psychosocial and psychological situations may all changes due to cancer and treatment of cancer. Having a realistic attitude and realizing that the cancer can impact many aspect of life is helpful.

A lack of social support has been associated with higher levels of anxiety and a lower quality of life in cancer patients, so assess the psychological and psychosocial problems among cancer patients are necessary. Having cancer may change the way that patient relates with family, friends and colleagues. Patients may find that the stress going through a cancer diagnosis and treatment strengthens their relationship with loved ones with open communication, these issues may be resolved.

In addition to dealing with their own feelings, a cancer survivor may also have to cope with their friends and families feelings of sadness and uncertainty. If a cancer survivors experiences negative feelings, it is important to remember that everyone has low times and that acknowledging and recognizing feelings of tiredness, anxiety, anger and depression is actually a positive thing. Expressing feelings openly and honestly can often help to relieve stress and tension.

The aim of the research is to outline psychological and psychosocial needs of cancer patient and determine how this needs either are could be met within primary care, in addition to the secondary care setting the three main objective are to describe the current system for delivering psychosocial care to considered how psychosocial care is delivered in primary care in other diseases.

Psych oncology" is concerned with the relationship between cancer and the mind. Psychosocial and oncology is a similar term with broader implications that cancer comes not just individual patients but their families, friends and colleagues in which they live.

WHO projection estimate the incidence of cancer to increase by the year 2030 with the annual number of new cases rising from 14.1 million in 2020, 1.6 million in 20.30 and death due to cancer 3.3 million worldwide in 2015 to more than 12 million in 2090 at the same time all your diagnosis and improvement in cancer therapy is have also lead to an increase in survival that includes more than 300 million cancer survival around the world implication of these figures in what's the psychosocial impact of the disease including emotional consequence supportive care needs and quality of life of cancer patients and their families. It is fact that cancer is not only a series of very different disease leading complex and multidisciplinary treatment but also very stressful event with significant psychosocial implications related to physical, emotional, spiritual and interpersonal dimensions all aspects of life including the parameters of times,²

The development of psych oncology begin in the second part of the 20th century reflecting the increased interest in the study of cancer patients psychological reactions to the illness at all stages of its causes and the analyses of the emotional, spiritual and social behavior factors which influence the risk of developing cancer and long term effective treatment.

Worldwide the number of cancer cases continues to increase. Newly diagnosed patients often face more advanced and aggressive therapy as medical advance attempt to provide better survival outcomes. Success in part from improvements of treatment and from early diagnosis means that more cancer patients are living longer with the diagnosis.

In addition, common problems of anxiety, depression, psychosexual and communications issues are examined. The uses of psychological interventions are briefly discussed, and the approaches in which mental health nurses in cancer care can contribute to improvements in patient wellbeing are highlighted.

A research was carried out on 60 oncology patients referred to clinical psychology service to identify the characteristics of patients selected for referral and to assess change following psychological intervention. A survey was conducted of an unselected sample of oncology patients representative of workload of oncology department from which the referral came, to determine the prevalence of comparable psychosocial problems among patients who were not referred for help and to assess whether doctors were aware of the problems patient. Reported.⁽³⁾

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

The present descriptive study was conducted with an aim to assess the psychological and psychosocial problems among cancer patients. An ethical approval was obtained from Institutional Ethics Committee .The purpose of study was explained to the samples, and a written informed consent was sought before enrolling them A sample comprising 60 patients, admitted in Manavata Hospital, Nashik was taken. Those patients satisfying the inclusion criteria were selected by using a non-probability purposive sampling. The expert validated tool to collect the data.

After seeking informed consent, structured interview was prepared into two sections to assess psychological and psychosocial problems. The study was conducted in Manavata Hospital which includes patients both male and female. Samples for the present study were the patients admitted in Manavata Hospital. Structured interview was used to gather data. The socio demographic data was elicited from the samples itself. Further, the tool comprised of assessment of socio-demographic data and structured interview.

The socio-demographic data, used to assess, was conducted in 2 parts, in which part I included age, gender, marital status, educational qualification of sample, family income, and part II included grades of cancer, type of cancer, severity, and duration of hospital stay.

Structured interview was used to assess the psychological and psychosocial problems among cancer patients.

RESULTS:

A total of 60 patients were participated in the study.

The result of the data was presented under the following headings:

Section A: Description of demographic data of patients:

PART I:

Percentage wise distribution according to age shows that the age group of 46-60yrs has highest [41.60%] rates of cancer whereas the age group above 60 has [35%] 31-45 has [21.60%] and the age group 19-30 has [1.66%] and the age group below 18yrs [0%]. It interprets that the participant among the study the age group 46-60yrs has the highest proportion in the sample.

Percentage wise Distribution of data according to age shows that the more than 65% of female[68.30%] has more prone to cancer than male[31.60%]. It interprets that the female has higher proportion in samples.

Percentage wise Distribution of data according to marital status shows that nearly more than half [96.60%] has married whereas the single and divorced/widowed shows the same proportion[1.66%] respectively

Percentage wise Distribution of data according to educational qualification interprets that the patients with secondar education [33.30%] has higher in proportion.

Percentage wise Distribution of data according to occupation shows the higher proportion of housewife [55%]whereas the distribution of other has like wisely as agriculture [18.30%] business [5%] government/private employee [11.60%] and Any other [10%].

Percentage wise Distribution of data according to income shows more than 70% sample i.e [75%] has income less than 25,000. whereas the income between 50,000-1,00,000 has [13.34%] and the income between 1,00,000-1,50,000 has [5%] and the income more than 1,50,000 has [6.66%].so the above data interpret that income less than 25,000 has highest in proportion.

PART II:

Percentage wise Distribution of data according to grade of cancer shows that the patients with GRADE-1 cancer has higher in proportion i.e. [60%], whereas the grade-2 and grade-3 cancer has [25%]and[15%].

Percentage wise Distribution according to types of cancer shows that the patient with benign cancer has the highest proportion of data i.e.[65%]. Whereas the malignant cancer has [35%].

Percentage wise Distribution of data according to severity of cancer shows the Acute cancer has [63.33%] whereas chronic cancer has [36.67%] which interprets that the patient with acute cancer has higher in proportion.

Percentage wise Distribution of data according to duration of stay in hospital shows that duration less than 3 months of hospital stay has [41.67%] whereas the duration between 3-6 months has [30%] and the duration more than 6 months has [28.33%] which interprets that duration of hospital stay less than 3 months has higher in proportion.

Section B: Assessment of psychological and psychosocial problems:

Assessment of mean and mean percentage of psychological and psychosocial problems shows that, overall mean score was 63.45 In line with the sub areas like Psychological problems, the mean score was (21.6), whereas in relation to psychosocial problems, it was (41.85). So it interprets that the patients have moderate psychological problems and severe psychosocial problems".

SECTION C: Association between psychological and psychosocial problems with their selected socio-demographic characteristics:

Chi square values were calculated to find out the association between psychological and psychosocial problems with their selected socio-demographic variables.

The findings highlighted that there were significant association found between psychological and psychosocial problem with their selected socio-demographic variables like age, gender, grade of cancer, type of cancer, duration of hospital stay, severity of cancer, education, occupation, marital status, income. At P ≤ 0.05 Level.

Table no 1: Description of demographic data of adolescents.

S. No	Description	Percentage (%)
PART I
1	Age in year
A	Below 18 Years	0
B	19 – 30 Years	1.66
C	31 to 45 Years	21.60
D	46 to 60 years	41.60
E	Above 60 Years	35
2	Gender
A	Male	32
B	Female	68
3	Marital Status
A	Single	1.66
B	Married	96.60
C	Divorced	1.66
4	Educational qualification of sample
A	No Formal Education	15
B	Primary	21.60
C	Secondary	33.30
D	Higher Secondary	20
E	Graduate and Above	10
5	Occupation
A	Housewife	55
B	Agriculture	18.30
C	Business	05
D	Govt. or Pvt. employee	11.60
E	Any Other	10
6	Income
A	Above Rs. 25000	75
B	Rs. 50000 to Rs. 100000	13.34
C	Rs. 100001 to Rs. 1,50,000	5
D	Above 1.50,001	6.66
PART II
1	Grade of Cancer
A	Grade 1	60
B	Grade 2	25
C	Grade 3	15
2	Types of cancer
A	Benign	65
B	Malignant	35
3	Severity
A	Acute	63.33
B	Chronic	36.67
4	Duration of hospital stay
a	Less than 3 months	41.67
b	3 to 6 months	30
C	More than 6 months	28.33

Table no 2: Assessment of psychological and psychosocial problems

S. No.	Area	Number	Mean
1	Psychological problems	1296	21.6
2	Psychosocial problems	2511	41.85
3	Overall	3807	63.45

Table no 3: Association between psychological and psychosocial problems with their selected socio-demographic characteristics.

Sr. No	Demographic Variables	Chi Value
Sr. No	Demographic Variables	Psychological and Psychosocial Problems
1	Age	54.44
2	Gender	19.94
3	Grade of Cancer	40.05
4	Duration of hospital stay	30.95
5	Severity of cancer	18.5
6	Education	38.2
7	Occupation	68.22
8	Marital Status	49.05
9	Income	60.97
10	Types of Cancer	9.05

DISCUSSION:

SECTION A: DESCRIPTION OF DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES:

Percentage wise Distribution of data according to age shows that the more than 65% of female [68.30%] has more prone to cancer than male [31.60%]. It interprets that the female has higher proportion in samples.

Percentage wise Distribution of data according to educational qualification interprets that the patients with secondar education [33.30%] has higher in proportion.

Percentage wise Distribution of data according to occupation shows the higher proportion of housewife [55%] whereas the distribution of other has like wisely as agriculture [18.30%] business [5%] government/ private employee [11.60%] and any other [10%].

SECTION B: DESCRIPTION OF ASSESSMENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOSOCIAL PROBLEMS:

SECTION C: FIND OUT ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOSOCIAL PROBLEMS WITH THEIR SELECTED SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS:

Chi square values were calculated to find out the association between psychological and psychosocial problems with their selected socio-demographic variables.

CONCLUSION:

The conclusion drawn from the study was that the patients admitted in Manavata Cancer Hospital had moderate psychological problems, and severe psychosocial problems.

REFERENCES:

1. Namdev Shinde. Chronic diseases. International Journal of Applied Research 2016; 2(7); 823 International (cited 2018 November) http;//www.allresearchjournal.com

2. Shara. N (Internal) cited 2018 November available from http;//www.rguhs.ac.in/cdc/onlinecdd upload 05-N028 7972,doc

3. http;//www.rguhs.ac.in/cdc/onlinecdd uploads 05-NO20-6066;doc

Received on 26.09.2025 Revised on 29.10.2025

Accepted on 28.11.2025 Published on 23.02.2026

Available online from February 25, 2026

Int. J. Nursing Education and Research. 2026;14(1):75-79.

DOI: 10.52711/2454-2660.2026.00015

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